Fluid-power hammer.



\ B.. E. BATES.

FLUID POWER HAMMER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 16, 191s.

LOBQSSO. Patented Dec. 30, 1913.

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H1 t A z l y I l S E S S E N W W ATTORNEY R. E. BATES,

LUID POWER HAMMER.

APPLIUATION 1211.21) un. 1s. 1913.

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wiTwEssEs ENVENTOR Y im E? @um ATTORNEY R. E. BATES.

FLUD POWER HAMMER.

APPLIGATION FILED JAN. 1e, 191s.

3aseneed Deo. 30, 1913.

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' l'- GFFlCE. I

JOHN NAZETL.

FLUID-POWER HAMMER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Decise, 1913.

Application led January 16, 1913'. Sarlat 1 o. 742,395.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that l, RALPH E. Earns, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Philadelphia, county ot' Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania., have invented certain Improvements in Fluid- Power Hammers, of which the following is a specification. My invention is a `fluid power ham'mer having a hollow rain niovable in a cylinder on a stationary piston through which the interior ofthe ram is connected with a power cylinder and the atmosphere under control of; peculiar valve mechanism.

It isl a leading object of this invention to provide improved means for effecting the suspension, the "continuous operation, `the single stroke and the vising action of the '7 is a bottom plan of the detached head of the hammer with a part broken away; Fig. .8 is a top plan, of the detached head with the cap removed and a part broken away; Fig. 9 is a sectional viewtaken on the line a-a of Fig. 8 and the lines a-a of Figs. 5 and 10; Fig. 10 lis a sectional view on thelines ?J'-b of Figs. 8 and 9; Fig. 11 is a'sectional view on the lines c-0 of Fig. 8 and c-a of.

Fig. 10; Fig. 12 is a sectional view on the lines d--d of Figs. 8 and 11; Fig. 13 is a sectional view taken transversely through the rotary valve showing the relation of the ports for holding the rain in the elevated position while the power piston 1s reciproeating, and Fig; 14 is a. sectional view taken transverselythrough the rotary valve showing the relation of the ports for operating The hammer, in the form illustrated in the drawings, comprises the anvil l and the housing`2, through the base 3 whereof the anvil extends. The housing contains the pitman .chamber 4, the power cylinder and the ram cylinder 6. A power piston-7I is reciproca-ted in the cylinder 5 by a ptman 8 disposed in the chamber t. The pitman is operated through its connection with a crank 9 of a shaft 10 which is journaled in the bearings 11 and is provided with the 4respective loose and fixed pulleys 12 and 13. A 'ram piston 14 is xed in the cylinder 6, the piston having a top 15 which engages and closes the top of the cylinder to which it is fixed by the bolts 16. A'hollow ram 17 is provided with an outer cylindrical surface adapted for making full Contact throughout its length therein with the surface of the cylinder 6 within which .it .reciprocates, the cylindrical interior1 surfaee'of the rain working on the head 1i of the piston 14 which the bottom of the'ram.

The bott-om of the cylinderl G 'has fixed thereto the downwardly extending guides 20 which engage the ram 17 and provide an eX- tended lateral bearing and support therefor, particularly through the lower part of its .movements and against tendencies to vibrate due to blows struck by the die 21 on work supported by the anvil block 22. These guides have the fiat bearings 20 which engage like surfacesl' of the ram to prevent the latter from turning.

The head 141 is provided with the passages 23 and 24 communicating'with the chamber 25 containing the ball valve 26 which is adapted for closing the passage 24, the passages and chamber forming a by-pass adapted for permitting a restricted flow of air between the interior of the ram and the passa-Ge 18v of the piston around the valve 19. when entered in the piston belowthe`r pasy sage 24.

head 27 is secured on the housing 2 over head 27 contains the cylindrical valve seatv Y 33) which is connected'by the passage 34 with the top of the cylinder 5, by the passage 35 with the passage 18, by the passage36 with the chamber 37by`the passage'38 (through the port 39 controlled by the valve 40) with the atmosphere, by the passage 41 (through the port 42 controlled by thevalve 43 and the passage 41) 'with the passage 35, bythe passage 44 (through the port 45 controlled by the valve 4G) with the passages 41 and 35, and by the passage 47 (through the port 4S controlled by the valve l49) with the atmosphere.

A..cylindrical valve 50, disposed inthe seat33, is provided with the communicating ports 51, 52,l 53 and 54; the'port 51 being adapted for, communicating with the ports 34 and 36, the ports 52 and 53 for communicating simultaneously with the passages 41 .and 38 respectively or 44 and 47 respectively, and the port 54 adapted for communication with the passage 35.

` The valve 50 is'rocked through the connection of its stem 55 and a member 56, which coacts with lever 57 having a handle 58 and a jaw y59, the lever being fulcrumed on a bearing 50. The lever is op? erated -by'hand and by thetreadle mechanism comprising the parts 61, 62 and 63.

The power piston 7 is provided with a port G4 adapted for registration'at the upper limit of its movement with apassage 65 in constantcommunication with the passage 34' and at the lower limit of its movement with a yport 66 in constant communication with the port 67 'through the chamber GS, the latter being in communication with the cylinder-5 through the port G7 when the ports 64 and 66 are in registration at the lower limit of movement o f the piston.

i In operation, when the. Valve .50 isin the position vshown in Fig. 13, (closing the passages 35, 36, 38. and '41 and connecting the passage 34 'with' the passages 44 and 47 through the, ports 52 and. 53 now registering with'the latter passages), the ram 17 will be held stationary 'in the elevated position while the piston 7 reciprocates. In this relation, upon the rise of the pisto'n 7, air is forced' through the passa-ges 34.5-1, 53,47 and 48 to the atmosphere, the valvev 49 being lifted to open the port-or passage '48. TWhen' the piston 7 moves down, the'partial 'vacuum' induced in the cylinder 5 exhausts air' through the passages 34, 51, 52, 44, 45,

4l and' 18,:from 'the interior of the ram,l

the valve 46 being forced downwardly to open theport or'passage 45 and connect the passages 44 and 41. Y

Vhenthe valve 50is in the position shown in Fig. 14, connecting the passages 34 and 35 through the passages 51A and 54,' the full power .of the reciprocatinglpist'on 7 A is exerted upon theram'1'7 to effect its oo ntinuous reciproeation by the 'compression and e'ihaustion of air therein.

Then the valve 50 is in lthe position shown in Figs. 1() and 12, the upward movement of the piston, 7 forces air through. theI connected passages 34, 51, '52, 41, 42, 41'.,

-tlie piston 7 reaches the position of' registra'- `sages connecting said second cylinder with the valve 43 down to'close the port'42 and 7b vthe passage` 41', while'. the valve 40. opens the port 39 to/admt air through the connected passages 38, 53and 34, to thecylin` der 5? Consequently the/ramcis held down inthe vising position or caused to act with the anvilas a vise. AIn' this position, the chamber 37 is in communication with thecylinder 5 and the interior of the ram 17 so that air is compressed-therein and acts on the ram in the vising operation'.

' As the reciprocating ram 17' approaches the limitofr its upward movement, the plug "19 closes the passage l18 and the air in the ram is trapped, excepting that' escaping through .the by-pass which'is 'finally closed by the action of the ball 26 due to the pres; sure, the trapped air lcushioning' the .ram

-and giving 'it an, initial impulse downwardly. V

-lVhen the reciprocating piston 7 reaches the position of registration between thepassages 64 and '65 air in Afront of it can escape to the atmosphere to-relieve the mechanisrrnl the passage 34 being connected with thepassage 65 in all' positions of the piston. lVhen tion between the ports 64 and G6 atmospheric air flows thereby to the chamber 68 and thence through'the passage 67 to the cylinder 5 in front of the piston. lt will be understood that the desired period of relief is thus, obtained. Having described my invention, I claim` 1. A powerha'mm'er comprisinga cylinder containing astationary piston having a passage therethrough, a hollow ram adapted toreciprocate in said cylinder o nxsaid piston, a second cylinder, a piston adapted. to reciprocate in said second.cylinder, pas.

said irst named passage and with the 'at-v lmosphere, and valve lmechanism for controlling'the fiow of motive fluid lthrough said passages. .i

2. A'power hammer comprising a' cylinder containing -a. fixed piston having a Huid passage, a hollow ram adapted tol be reciprocatedin said'cylinder on .said piston 'by fluid communicated to and' withdrawn from 'its interior ,thrugh said passage,.and a 12o 'valve within said ram for olosingsaid pas' sage and trapping motive Huid in said ram.

3. Apower hammer provided with a cylinder .containing a fixed piston having' amotive fluid passage therethrough, means com 12s vprising a cylinder and 'piston for introducing motive fiuid'to and withdrawing it from said ram through said fixed piston to-eflect lthe reciprocation of said ram; andalve mechanism for trapping motiveV f iliid be- 13o piston adapted to reciprocate in said powercylinder, passages adapted for connecting said power cylinder with the atmosphere and with the interior of said ram through said` fixed piston, and valvemechanism' for controlllng said passages.` l

5- A power hammer comprising a ram cylinder containing a fixed piston, a hollow ram adapted to reciprocate in saidA cylinder onsaid piston,.a power cylinder'a power piston adaptedl to reciprocate in said power cylinder, passages adapted for connecting said power cylinder with the atmosphere and with the interior of said ram through said fixed piston, a manually operated valve and automatically operated valves whereby, when said manually operated valve is in different positions, said ram is suspended, constantly reciprocated and heldin the vising position by the action of said power piston.

6. A powerblhaminer provided with a ram cylinder; a fixed piston therein, a hollow vram adapted to .reciprocate in said cylinder on said pist-on; a power cylinder, a power piston adapted to reciprocate in said power cylinder,V a cylindrical valve seat; passages connecting said seat with the atmosphere, the interior of said ram and said power cylinder, valve mechanism comprising automatically acting valves for 'controlling the flow of air between said seat and the atmosphere, and a rotary valve in said seat for controlling the flow of air therethrough between said passages.

7. Apower hammer comprising a cylinder containing a stationary piston, a hollow ram adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder on said piston, a power cylinder, a power piston adapted to reciprocate in said power cylinder, a valve seat, a passage connecting said valve seat with the interior of said rain, an automatic valve for controlling said passage,a passage connecting said valve seat with said power cylinder, a passage adapted for connecting said seat with the atmosphere, an automatic valve for controlling said last named passage, and a valve movable relatively to said seat, whereby said ram is held suspended during the reciprocation of said power piston.

S. A power hammer comprising a-cylinderl containing a stationary piston, a Y hollow ram adapted to reciprocate in'said cylinder on said piston, a power cylinder, a power piston adapted to reciprocatein said power cylinder, a passage connecting said pwerA cylinder with the interioraof said ram adapted to reciprocate` in said cylinder on said piston, a power cylinder, a power piston adapted to reciprocate in said power cylinder, passages wherebyvsaid pow er cylinder is adapted Vto be connected with the interior of said `ram through its piston and .with the atmosphere, .an automatic valve for 'permitting the iiow of air from 'said power cylinder to the interior of said ram on the forward stroke of said power piston and for preventing the flow of air from the interior of said ram to said power cylinder on the reverse stroke of the power piston, and an automatic valve for permitting air to liow from the atmosphere to the power cylinder on the reverse stroke of the power piston and for preventing air from flowing from the power cylinder to the atmosphere on the forward stroke of the power piston.

10. A power hammer comprising a cylin- 'der containing a fixed piston, a hollow ram with the atmosphere, and valve mechanism for controlling said passages.

1l. A power hammer comprising a cylinder, a hollow ram adapted to be-reciprocated in said cylinder, a piston fixed in said cylinder, a head on said piston engaging said rain, said piston and head having a passage therethrough communicating with the interior of said ram, and means for alternately communicating pressure and suction through said passage to the interior of said ram to effect its reciprocat-ion.

12, A power hammer having a cylinder,

`a stationary piston therein, a. hollow ram adapted to reciprocate, in said cylinder on said piston, a power cylinder, a power piston adapted to reciprocate in said power cylinder, a chamber, a valve seat, a'passage connecting said power cylinderand valve seat, a passage connecting said valve seat with the interior of said ram, av passage for connecting said valve seat with the atmosphere, a passage for connecting said valve seat with said chamber, and a .valve movable relatively to said seat for controlling said' inder on said piston, a power cylinder, a c

power 'piston adapted toreciprocate in said l power cylinder, a head xed to and losing an edof said power cylinder, said heads being xed together, and contiguous coinrh'unieating passages irisaid heads whereby the interiors of said ram and power eylinder s'are connected.

145A power hammer Comprising a, ram cylinder containting .al ram, a power cylinder containing a piston, a passage connecting said cylinders, a valve for controlling said passage, shunt passages connecting said frstnamed passage with said ram cylin:L

der inthe rear of s'icl ram, 'and a plurality of valves controlling said shunt passages. In testimony whereof l have hereunto set ,L5

my hand this 13th .day of January, 1913,

lin t'he presence of, the subscribing witnesses'.

y RALPH BATES. Witnesses:

Jos-G. DENNY, Jr., G Eo. A.. CUNNEY. 

